By DR. RAMAKRISHNA VANGARA, Consultant – Radiation Oncologist, Manipal Hospital, Vijayawada
Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in women worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, over 122,000 new cases of cervical cancer are diagnosed each year, and more than 67,000 women die from the disease annually in India. However, cervical cancer is largely preventable through vaccination, regular screening, and treatment of precancerous lesions. Cervical cancer is caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV), a common sexually transmitted infection. While most women who are infected with HPV will clear the infection on their own, in some cases, the virus can persist and lead to the development of cervical cancer.
Vaccination against HPV is an effective way to prevent cervical cancer. The HPV vaccine is recommended for girls and boys aged 9-14 years, but it can be given to females up to age 26 and males up to age 21.The vaccine is most effective when given before a person becomes sexually active. The vaccine is given in a series of two or three doses over 6 month period, depending on the vaccine type. The HPV vaccine has been shown to be safe and effective at preventing the types of HPV that cause the majority of cervical cancers.
In fact, studies have shown that the vaccine can prevent up to 90% of cervical cancer cases. In addition to its use in preventing cervical cancer, the HPV vaccine has also been shown to be effective in preventing other types of cancer like oropharyngeal cancer, anal cancer, penile cancer, vulvar and vaginal cancer. It is important to note that even if you have been vaccinated against HPV, regular cervical cancer screening is still necessary. Screening can detect precancerous changes in the cervix before they turn into cancer.
The American Cancer Society recommends that women begin regular cervical cancer screening at age 25, or earlier if they are at high risk for the disease. In conclusion, cervical cancer is a serious health issue for women, but it is largely preventable through vaccination, regular screening, and healthy lifestyle choices. If you have not yet been vaccinated against HPV, talk to your doctor about getting vaccinated. And if you have not had a cervical cancer screening recently, make an appointment with an oncologist or gynaecologist to discuss your options. Taking proactive steps to prevent cervical cancer can help ensure that you stay healthy and live a long, happy life.